From Palm-leaf Manuscripts to Digital Libraries: Evolution of Knowledge Preservation in India

Abstract

Knowledge preservation has been central to the cultural, intellectual, and social fabric of India. From the oral traditions of the Vedas to the palm-leaf manuscripts of classical India, the country has historically emphasized safeguarding knowledge as a form of dharma. Over centuries, knowledge preservation transitioned from fragile organic materials to institutionalized libraries like Nalanda and Takshashila, and today into digital repositories and open-access platforms. This paper traces the historical evolution of knowledge preservation in India, examines the ethical and cultural principles underlying it, and evaluates the transformative role of digital libraries in revitalizing India’s ancient wisdom for contemporary relevance. The study also discusses challenges in digitization, intellectual property, and sustainability while drawing lessons from the past for the future of knowledge management.